Kare muna 2011, Jonathan Cobb nemukadzi wake Kaylyn vaive nezvavakadaidza kuti "chirongwa chakareruka chemutambo." Akati vaizotora mazana emaeka emapurazi akarejeswa uye emhuri pakati peTexas - nyika yanga ichirima chibage nedonje kwemakumi emakore. - uye ipa "zvainoda."
Zvainoda, Cobb anofungidzira, chirimwa chirefu chekuzvarwa, senge sirivheri yebhuruu hunde, yero Indian uswa uye Maximilian sunflowers, achichera midzi yawo mukati meivhu rinorema revhu, raanofunga kuti richava ” Kuvaka kabhoni uye kusimba kunzvimbo, pamwe nekukwanisa kubata mvura, kuchovha bhasikoro - zvese izvo zvinoda kuve nevhu rinogona kuvandudzwa. "
Pakupedzisira, Cobbs yakasarudza kuunza mafuro ezvipfuwo, kutevedzera mombe dzebison dzaimbodzungaira mafuro aya, uye kuwedzera michero nemupfudze wavo, uye voila: vane nyama yekutengesa vachidzorera nyika, kuchengetedza kabhoni, nekuchengetedza purazi.
Panguva iyoyo, Cobb neGreen Fields Farm yake yakarumbidzwa nevasina purofiti vakasiyana-siyana semuenzaniso wekurima patsva-chaizvoizvo, seti yevhu rakabatana uye rakabatana rine chekuita nekuvaka ine hutano, inochengeta kabhoni ivhu.Maitiro ekudyara akazara, kusanganisira kudyara kwekuvhara, kudzivirira kurima, mishonga yezvipembenene uye monocropping, kushandisa manyowa nekudyara zvinodzivirira mhepo, zvose inzira yekurima chikafu chine hutano munzvimbo ine hutano. inogona kubvisa zvirimwa zvechinyakare, zvinoenderana nemakemikari uye zvichiramba zvichiita pundutso.
Kana varimi vezvigadzirwa vachikwanisa kunyengetedzwa kuti vaite shanduko, uye hurumende dzingakurudzira maitiro ekuvandudza nekukurudzira kuri nani, ipapo kurima kunogona kuita semhinduro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze pane kuwedzera.
Kuchengeta imwe 2 muzana yekabhoni muvhu kunodzoreredza magasi egreenhouse emuchadenga kuti ave “akachengeteka,” maererano neimwe fungidziro. ita semugadziriso wekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze pane kuita aggravator.
Zvinonzwika zviri nyore.Nothing.Kuwedzera kune kuomarara kwese kwekurima patsva kweminda yakawanda kunokatyamadza kuti, mune dzimwe nzvimbo dziri kukura, kuedza uku kuri kukanganiswa neimwe nzira yakakosha yekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze:solarMunharaunda yeCobb, vavakidzani vane minda vakatanga kurenda minda yavo yekurima yakaorera—kwete kuvarimi, asi kumakambani anoshandisa magetsi ezuva akanga asingashande panguva yataida zvakawanda, kwete zvishoma, kuti tirime zvokudya.kubereka.
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, uye kuwedzera kwechiverengero chavagari vapasi nokukurumidza mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kwakaparira dikanwo yokuwedzera kugadzirwa kwezvokudya panguva iyo minda yokurima yava kudhura;chiitiko chekukura chikafu chiri kuwedzerawo kuonekwa setarisiro yekurasikirwa nemari.Sekureva kweAmerican Farmland Trust (AFT), varimi vekuUS vakaburitsa maeka miriyoni gumi nerimwe eminda yekurima kuti isimudzirwe pakati pe2001 ne2016, iyo inogona kumisa kugadzirwa zvachose-regai Masvondo mashoma mushure mekunge sangano reIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change raburitsa ongororo yaro yechipiri yemamiriro ekunze muna Kukadzi, iyo yairatidza nzira dzekudzikisa mamiriro ekunze idzo dzine zvakaipa zvaange asingafungidzirwe, Cobb anonetsekana nekuenderera mberi kwake nebasa rekuvandudza.Mutengo wekuchengetedza mamiriro ekunze. bhizinesi rakakwira, uye chokwadi chekuti varidzi venzvimbo munzvimbo yake vari kurendasolarzvinoita kunge zviri kuratidza mamwe matambudziko arikuuya.
Matambudziko akatarisana nekurima - tisingarevi nezveshanduko yekuvandudza kurima - angangove akanyanya.Cobb akapinda mumawere ekudzidza uye akanetsana nevehukama avo vaipikisa zvikuru kusandurwa kwenzira dzekurima, izvo zvakaita kuti minda yemunin'ina uyu igoverwe. .Cobb, muridzi wemunda waairoja, akarambawo kuvhenganisa zvinhu.” Baba vavo nasekuru vakapedza upenyu hwavo vachibvisa sora rose, uye vaida kuti [munda wacho] usvibe uye urimwe nokuti ndizvo zvinoita kurima kunobudirira uye kunonzwa sezvakaita,” Cobb akadaro.
Mamwe matambudziko anogona kunge asina kurongwa. MuPetaluma, Calif. - kwete kurwa parizvinosolarsimba — murimi wemakwai nembudzi, Tamara Hicks, akatenga munda waimbove purazi remukaka rechinyakare nechinangwa chekuririma patsva. Zviri munhamo yaanodaidza kuti “Breaking-Bad bad.” Methadone inowanikwa mune mamwe masampuli evhu;mafiriji, marori, matirakita “akashandiswazve” mumakomba akacherwa mujinga mezvikomo;cesspools inoputika pedyo ne cesspools;10,000 matai akatutirana mumakoronga kuti agadzikane kukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nezvizvarwa Ivhu rakapera nekukukurwa nemafuro. maitiro, kanenge kumwe kuvhiringidzika kunofanira kubviswa.
Pasina mubvunzo, simba rakachena, kusanganisira solar, rakakosha kudzivirira kukanganisa kwakanyanya kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, saka chokwadi chekuti utility-chiyero.solarmuUS yakakura 26% pakati pa2019 na2020 inoita kunge iri budiriro yakanaka.
Saizvozvowo, maitiro ezvekurima (kureva kuchengetedza) akakurudzirwa nemasangano epasi rese ekutsvagisa asina purofiti akadai seProjekti Drawdown sematanho ekugadzirisa ekurima atiri kuita, ayo anoburitsa 698 miriyoni metric toni yecarbon dioxide yakaenzana gore negore muUnited States. nzira dzemvura, vanhu vane chepfu uye mhuka dzesango.Zvidzidzo zvenguva refu, zvakakura zvichiri kudiwa kuti zvienzanise kushanda kwezvirimwa zvakagadziridzwa mukuchengetedza kabhoni.Zvisinei, zvidzidzo zviduku, zvenguva pfupi uye mazana emakore ezvakaitika kubva kune vezvekurima regenerative vezvekurima uye vatsva vakaita se Cobb naHicks vanoratidza kuti ivhu rakapfuma, rinoshingirira rinoramba kukukurwa kwemvura panguva yekuwedzera kwemadutu rinokwanisa kurarama nekusanaya kwemvura uye kutsigira kukura kwebiology.Kusiyana kuri nani.
Zvakadaro, “zviri nyore kuti varimi vazhinji vangosaina pamutsetse une madota vobhadharwa kuti [kurenda] ivhu ravo kuti vawane simba rezuva pane kuedza kuomesesa kwese kwekurima patsva kunyanya – dambudziko rinoda kupfuudzwa, "Muvhimi akadaro." Texas mutungamiri, asi iri kwese, saka isu tinofanirwa kufunga, unoita sei.solarnenzira yakanakira varimi, yakanaka nokuda kwemamiriro okunze, yakanakira ivhu?”(SeWashington Post Kusundidzira nekudhonza pakati peindasitiri yezuva uye nonfarmland muTexas zvakare kwakaitika mune imwe nguva, sezvakataurwa nebepanhau pakutanga mwedzi uno, sezvo zvaisanganisira nzvimbo yakasarudzika yaiedza kuchengetedza vezvemamiriro ekunze.)
Hunter haasiye ega ari kunetsekana kuti zvingava sei zvese, zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze. Maererano neClean Energy Wire, Germany nguva pfupi yadarika yakadzika mutemo wekuvhura ivhu rekurima.solarsimba nenzira inobvumira "kushandiswa kwakafanana kwenzvimbo dzekugadzira chikafu nemagetsi." BloombergQuint inoshuma kuti hurumende ichatsigira varimi kuwedzerasolarsimba rinosvika 15 muzana yenyika yavo, kunyange zvazvo musanganiswa uyu uchidhura pane solar chete.Makurukota eGermany akataurawo kukosha kwokuita kuti ivhu rekurima rirambe richibereka zvibereko kuitira kuchengetedza zvokudya.
MuUS, mamwe mafotovoltais ezvekurima ari kushandiswa nemakwai, ayo akaderera pane mombe uye nekudaro anokwanisa kufura nesolarpanels.
Japan yanga ichidzika mutemo wakatenderedza agri-PV (kungodaro, solar panels inobvumira imwe mhando yezvekurima-inoenderana nekushandiswa kutenderedza uye pazasi payo) kubva kanenge 2013, payaida yainodaidza kuti "solar power sharing", inova Kuvaka mapurojekiti ezuva pa. minda yekurima inofanirwa kukoshesa kurimwa kwezvirimwa kana zvipfuyo zvakasiyana.Nyika inotarisirawo kushandisa magetsi ekurima senzira inogona kuita kuti minda yakasiiwa itangezve kurima.
MuUS, Hunter akadaro, purazi-yakavakirwasolar"inzvimbo yemikana."Inodzivirira zvirimwa kubva kuzuva nekupisa zvakanyanya, inoderedza kushandiswa kwemvura, uye inowedzera goho.” Asi ichiri mumatanho ekutanga ebudiriro” uye dambudziko guru rekuishandisa pachiyero imutengo. kuti zvirimwa zvirefu zvakaita seCobb zvikure, kana kuti mombe dzake dzifambe pasi pazvo, kana kuti michina yekurima ipfuure, ndipo panodiwa mari yakawanda. ” Hunter akadaro, uye simbi yakawanda yakaenzana nemari yakawanda.
MuUS, mamwe mafotovoltais ezvekurima ari kushandiswa nemakwai, ayo akaderera pane mombe uye saka anokwanisa zviri nani kufudza nemagetsi ezuva. kuti chiedza chisvike kuzvirimwa zviri pasi, kana kuti kunyatsogadzirisa kunaya kwemvura kuitira kuti isvike paivhu panzvimbo yakakodzera—tisingarevi kugarisa mombe.” Tichiri panguva yatinofanira kuona mhando dzisingadhuri uye dzinogona kukura,” akati.
Zvisinei, zviri kuongororwa.PaNational Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) muGolden, Colorado, muongorori mukuru weEnergy-Water-Land Jordan Macknick ari kudzidza zvaanodaidza kuti “solarmikana yebudiriro inogona kuita kuti ivhu rekurima nevhu ribatsire uye rinopa kukosha”.Chirongwa cheNREL cheInSPIRE, chinotsigirwa nemari neDepartment of Energy, chiri kuongorora zvingangoitwa neagri-PV muzvirimwa, mafuro, pollinator pekugara uye greenhouse systems munzvimbo 25 munyika yose. - kutarisa zvakadzama zvesolarsimba rinodiwa kune yega yega system uye kuti mapaneru anokanganisa sei zvinhu zvakaita semwando wevhu nekukukurwa kwevhu.
“Chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvikuru zvinoita kuti vanhu vakwanise kurima patsva inyaya yekuti vanhu vazhinji havakwanise kutenga $30 000 yekutenga planter yavanoda kamwe chete kana kaviri pagore.
Zvakadaro, McNick anobvumirana naHunter kuti mutengo ndicho chipingamupinyi chikuru kuita mapurojekiti akadai, kunyangwe mamwe magadzirirwo aripo.solarmapaneru ekusiya zvipfuyo nemidziyo zvipfuure, "unokwanisa zvakare kuwedzera chinhambwe pakati pemutsara wemapanera ezuva," akadaro. uye iwe [funga] pane zvivakwa zvekudiridza … uye fenzi hadziswedere pedyo nepanera zvekuti hauchakwanisi kutendeutsa tirakita – izvo zvidiki izvo zvinozokanganisa kana murimi akati hongu, ini kuda kuzviita, kana kuti kwete, hazvina kukodzera nguva yangu."
Zvakakoshawo kuti indasitiri yezuva ifunge zvakasimba pamusoro pekugadzirisa kuPV yezvekurima.Kune mamwe makambani, agri-PV inoenderana nebasa ravo rose rekudzikisa carbon emissions nekuvandudza mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza.Kune vamwe, chokwadi chokuti kushanda nekugadzirisa mari. inogona kudzikiswa kana kufudza makwai "kuchekerera" zvirimwa zvinokura zvakatenderedza mapaneru zvinobatsira, sezvo izvi zvichishandura mukukurudzira kwehupfumisolarZvichakadaro, Macknick anopikisa kuti zvirimwa zvemumaindasitiri zviri munzvimbo zhinji dzekurima dzakakodzera.solarsimba, uye ari uye acharamba ari chibatanidzo chisina simba kana totaura nezvekurima photovoltaics-solar panels uye giant combine harvesters ishamwari dzakashata.Asi mapurazi maduku anovandudzwa akakwana nokuda kwesimba rezuva.Kusvika ikoko, "tinoedza kubatanidza maitiro uye tsvagirai tsvakiridzo inobatsira kuti kurima kungave chikamu chesangano rekurima rekuvandudza, "akadaro McNick.
Nzira yekuita kuti varimi varambe vachirima minda yavo kusvikira kumwe kuenzana kwetsaona pakati pekurima nemagetsi ezuva kwauya mubvunzo uri kuuya. Zvakare, zvinonyanya kuuya panyaya dzemari.” vanhu havakwanise kubhadhara $30 000 yeplanter vanongoda kamwe chete kana kaviri pagore,” Hicks akadaro. Anotenda kuti kugovana midziyo uye kutsvaga varairidzi vane ruzivo vanogona kubatsira kuchengetedza nguva nezviwanikwa inzira dzekuita kuti kurima kudhure. Marin Agricultural Land Trust (MALT) uye AFT's ekuchengetedza kurima kwekuchengetedza kodzero dzekutenga kodzero dzekuvandudza (kana, kana iri AFT, inopa varidzi veminda kurudziro yemitero kuti vasiye kodzero dzebudiriro) kubva kune varidzi veminda uye vadzime, kuve nechokwadi chekuti ivhu rinorimwa zvachose. ;semuenzaniso, izvi zvinopa varimi mari yekuwedzera zvigadzirwa zvevalue-added kumabasa avo.Nekurerutsira kwake MALT, Hicks akavaka chizoro uye akawedzera dura rake.
Kare kuTexas, Cobb akanga asina chokwadi chokuti aizoramba achirima munda wacho kwenguva yakareba sei. Kuwedzera kumanikidzika, vabereki vake vanga vachifunga kukwereta chikamu chepurazi remhuri.” Havadi kuzviita, asi mari yavanowana yakagadziriswa," Cobb akadaro. "Kana vakaisa maeka makumi masere mukatisolar, vaigona kuita $50,000 pagore.Asi izvozvo zvaizotora maeka angu 80 epurazi.”Kurasikirwa ikoko kwaizova kwakakura kudarika kunoratidzika pabepa.
“Murimi akarega kurima, ruzivo rwakawanda rwuna munhu mumwe chete haruchawaniki pakurima, ndoda [kurasikirwa] neminda,” akadaro Hunter.solarmapanera anogona kubviswa uye unogona kurima [munda] zvakare.Asi ruzivo, nharaunda, zvivakwa kana hafu yevavakidzani vako yakatengeswa kunze uye hapana kwekuunza chigadzirwa chako izvozvi, zvakanaka, idambudziko rakakura.Tinofanira kutanga kukurukura nezvekutengeserana zvakanyanya. "
Lela Nargi mutori wenhau ane ruzivo rwezvekudya uye zvekurima, kuenderera mberi, uye sainzi kuWashington Post, JSTOR Daily, Sierra, Ensia, uye Civil Eats, pakati pevamwe.Mutsvage pa lelanargi.com.
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Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-28-2022
